Although vaccination remains the best way to prevent influenza, the pooled efficacy of trivalent inactivated vaccine is approximately 60% while that of live attenuated vaccine is about 80%. The authors of this study highlight the lack of rigorous data supporting influenza vaccination, particularly in those groups most at risk. The authors performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of influenza vaccine efficacy and effectiveness using only studies that used laboratory confirmed influenza as an endpoint (either by PCR or culture). The authors chose these stringent criteria as serologic confirmation of influenza is confounded by vaccine effect and influenza-like illness is a very non-specific endpoint
Tenets of infection prevention and control are woven into the fabric of everyday tasks and procedures like hand hygiene, cleaning/disinfection/sterilization practices, vaccination, environmental hygiene, and standard precautions
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